 DistroWatch Weekly |
| DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 750, 12 February 2018 |
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Welcome to this year's 7th issue of DistroWatch Weekly!
Typically when we review rolling release distributions it is right after a new snapshot has been released. We get to see a moment in the distribution's time-line where not many packages are changing because the snapshot is fresh. This week we explore Solus 3, a rolling release distribution that last released a snapshot several months ago, and report on what happens when the distribution's packages are updated. We also talk about features of the distribution's Budgie desktop in our Feature Story. In our News section we talk about work being done to further secure the NetBSD operating system and changes coming to the elementary OS AppCentre. Plus we talk about a new security module for the Linux kernel and Snap packages being added to Ubuntu 18.04. We then share an opinion piece from Jesse Smith on packages in Debian-based distributions not getting sent back upstream to benefit the entire Debian ecosystem. We are pleased to share the distribution releases of the past week and offer a list of the torrents we are seeding. In our Opinion Poll we inquire as to how our readers feel about browser based cryptocurrency mining in comparison with advertisements. Finally, we are pleased to welcome UBports, a Linux distribution for mobile devices, to our database. We wish you all a fantastic week and happy reading!
Content:
- Review: Solus 3 and the Budgie desktop
- News: NetBSD reports on security work, elementary OS exploring AppCentre changes, Ubuntu 18.04 to include Snap packages, run-time kernel protection for Linux
- Opinion: Packages not flowing upstream into Debian
- Released last week: Peppermint OS 8-20180203, Kali 2018.1, Quirky 8.4
- Torrent corner: Endless OS, ExTiX, Kali, KDE neon, Peppermint, Quirky, Robolinux
- Opinion poll: Mining cryptocurrency vs advertisements
- New additions: UBports
- New distributions: Scion Linux, Pixel OS
- Reader comments
Listen to the Podcast edition of this week's DistroWatch Weekly in OGG (30MB) and MP3 (44MB) formats.
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| Feature Story (by Jesse Smith) |
Solus 3 and the Budgie desktop
Solus is an independent, rolling release distribution. Solus's design is mostly aimed at home users who want a friendly desktop operating system. The distribution is available in three editions (Budgie, GNOME and MATE) and runs on 64-bit x86 computers exclusively. Each edition's installation media is approximately 1.2GB in size.
The project's latest release is Solus 3 which features support for Snap packages as well as more traditional packages managed by Solus's eopkg package manager, which is a fork of the PiSi package manager. There were many tweaks in this release with a number of improvements made to the application menu and searches. The Budgie edition also includes the ability to place the desktop panel on any of the four sides of the screen. There are more changes and tweaks listed, with accompanying screen shots, in the project's release announcement.
One of the reasons I wanted to try out Solus 3 and do it now is because I typically test rolling release distributions immediately after a new snapshot has been released. Solus 3 was made available back in August of 2017 and I was curious to see how well the distribution would handle being rolled forward several months and what changes might be visible between the August snapshot and Solus's current packages.
I decided to try out the Budgie edition of Solus. Booting from the Solus live media brings up the Budgie desktop with a panel placed along the bottom of the screen. The panel houses an application menu, task switcher and system tray. On the desktop we find a single icon for launching the project's system installer. I did not see any welcome screen or encounter any immediate issues so I jumped straight into the installer.
Installing
Solus features a graphical system installer which I think is custom-made for the distribution. The installer resembles Calamares or Ubuntu's Ubiquity in its style and steps, with a few minor differences. The steps to select our preferred language, keyboard and time zone from map are about the same. However, Solus's installer does not handle manipulating disk partitions. For managing the disk's layout we need to turn to the GParted partition manager which is included on the live disc. The installer won't launch GParted for us, we need to quit the installer, run GParted and then re-launch the installer to set up partitions on our drive. Once we have partitioned the hard drive, the installer will show us a list of partitions and let us click on them to assign mount points for the root file system, home directories and swap.
Solus 3 -- The system installer
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A second characteristic Solus's installer has that I quite like is we can set up multiple user accounts during the install process. This lets us create accounts for the entire family all at once, marking each account as a regular user or an administrator. The installer pauses before it gets to work, showing us a list of changes it will make to our computer and asking for confirmation before it proceeds. I like Solus's installer as it is easy to navigate and keeps the configuration process streamlined.
Early impressions
One of the first, and rare, issues I ran into with Solus was when I rebooted my system following the install process, the live disc started up and showed me the boot menu. The menu offers just two options: start the live desktop or boot from the computer's hard drive. I took the hard drive option and the system reported that booting had failed. I then removed the live disc and restarted the system, which booted from the hard drive as expected. I ran into this inability of the live media to hand over booting to the hard drive in both my test environments.
Solus boots to a graphical login screen where the available user accounts are listed vertically. We can click on an account and sign in to get back to the Budgie desktop. Budgie manages to be feature rich, but also stays out of our way. The panel is small, there are no icons on the desktop and no welcome window greets us. When notifications are presented they don't take up much space and then disappear, simply changing the notification icon in the system tray to let us know something has changed.
Solus 3 -- The application menu
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The distribution's notification panel features two tabs. One tab shows the latest notifications, such as when software updates are available. The second tab displays some applets, including a calendar, a volume control and media player controls. This dual-purpose panel built into the system tray gives us access to several controls and bits of information in one compact space and I found it quite useful. My only complaint was clicking on notifications for software updates did not open the software manager to get us started installing security fixes.
Package management
Managing software is handled by Solus's Software Centre. The Software Centre is divided into six screens. One lets us browse through categories of available software, another shows a list of installed packages. A third page lets us search for packages by name and another displays a list of available upgrades. The final two pages display available third-party applications and the Centre's settings. I was a little surprised to find third-party programs entirely separated from the packages in Solus's repositories, but I can see the reasoning in play. The third-party items tend to be closed source applications such as Chrome or Skype and the user should be aware they cannot expect fixes or support for these items from the Solus team.
Solus 3 -- Software Centre
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The updates page of Software Centre is further divided into three parts with sections for required updates, security updates and miscellaneous updates. We can expand these three sections and decide which items we want to download. When I first started using the distribution there were 339 updates available, totalling 696MB. Throughout the rest of the week I rarely saw additional updates. 696MB is an accumulation of several months of updates and about half the size of the installation ISO, which makes me think the ISO may be due for a refresh.
There were a few features of Software Centre I appreciated. One was we can locate both desktop applications and background packages (libraries and command line tools) through Software Centre without switching to the distribution's command line package manager, eopkg. I also like that most package pages include links to the software's upstream website and bug tracker that will open in Firefox. This makes it easier to get issues reported to the original developers.
On the other hand, I could only perform one action (installing or removing a package) at a time. The Software Centre would not let me queue new actions while it was already working on installing a package.
One odd thing I noticed while using Software Centre concerned not the package manager, but a handful of packages. When I was testing Solus in VirtualBox I discovered the guest add-on modules are packaged as "virtualbox" rather than "virtualbox-guest-additions". This leads to an odd situation where installing the "virtualbox" package gives us guest virtual machine features, but not the VirtualBox application.
Earlier I mentioned Solus includes a command line package manager called eopkg. This tool has a fairly straight forward syntax, similar to APT or DNF, and will show useful hints when we type "eopkg help". While eopkg works, I found Software Centre was both fast and convenient enough I did not want to use the command line option.
Settings
Solus features two settings panels. One panel is specifically for dealing with the Budgie desktop, its window manager and panel. The Budgie settings panel can also help us select applications which should be started when we login and adjust fonts. The second settings panel deals with just about all other aspects of the desktop environment and operating system. The second panel handles our wallpaper, privacy settings, user accounts, printer management and display resolution.
Solus 3 -- The settings panels before an upgrade
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Earlier I mentioned I wanted to see what, if anything, would change when I installed multiple months of software updates. The general settings panel was the only area where I saw a significant change when over 300 updates were installed. The settings panel went from displaying a grid of modules I could click on and back out of to a two-pane layout. I talked about this switch in panel styles back when I reviewed Ubuntu 17.10. Personally, I like the two-pane layout as I find it takes fewer steps to switch between pages of settings.
Both settings panels (and both versions of the general settings panel) worked well for me and I encountered no issues while using either. I especially found the Budgie window manager settings convenient. I liked being able to quickly switch the location of window control buttons, toggle a dark theme and tweak the panel's size and location.
Solus 3 -- The settings panels following an upgrade
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Software
Solus ships with a fairly standard collection of popular open source applications. Firefox is available along with the Thunderbird e-mail client, LibreOffice and the HexChat IRC software. GNOME Calendar is included along with the Transmission bittorrent software. Solus provides us with the MPV media player and the Rhythmbox audio player, both of which have access to a full range of media codecs. The distribution uses the Nautilus file manager and Network Manager is present to help us connect to the Internet. The system includes a password manager, text editor, archive manager and image viewer. The GNOME Help documentation is present, though some desktop features of Budgie may not work exactly the same way as GNOME's documentation suggests. Solus ships with the systemd init software and the installation media installs version 4.12 of the Linux kernel. Following the first large batch of updates, I found version 4.14 of the kernel was installed.
Solus 3 -- Working with the calendar and Firefox
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Hardware
I experimented with Solus on a desktop computer and in a VirtualBox environment. When running on the desktop computer, Solus ran beautifully. The Budgie desktop was responsive, the visual effects were both minimal and attractive. All my desktop's hardware was automatically detected and worked well. When running in VirtualBox Solus did not automatically integrate with the virtual environment. However, once I had installed VirtualBox's guest modules through Software Centre, I was able to use my host computer's full screen resolution. Budgie gave fairly good performance in VirtualBox, and was neither remarkably snappy or sluggish. I found Solus used about 4GB of disk space on a fresh install and logging into Budgie used about 490MB of my computer's memory.
Other observations
While playing with Solus I made a few general observations, mostly about the Budgie desktop. For instance, I like how flexible Budgie is with placing window buttons as well as the size and position of the desktop panel. I was less enthusiastic about the way moving dialog boxes also moved the dialog's application window, making it so I could not uncover a window hidden by a dialog box. This feature is easily disabled in the window manager settings.
I found the icons in the system tray to be small and close together. This sometimes caused me to click the wrong button, or click the right one only to have a different panel open when my mouse slid slightly left or right. I would have liked to have the system tray icons further apart. Also on the topic of the system tray, I found it odd there are two separate buttons to open the Applets/Notifications panel. The two icons only differ by which tab is activated when the panel opens. Personally, I found this feature offered more clutter than convenience, but I could see the appeal of these two short-cuts if I were using Solus for longer than a week.
On a similar note, I found having two separate settings panels with matching icons a little confusing, especially since both include desktop-related settings. After a day or two I got into the groove of choosing the right panel, but I think two similarly designed settings panels with the same icon is going to cause me tech-support headaches if I install Solus on other people's computers.
Solus 3 -- Working with user accounts
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Finally, I'd like to say that I like Budgie's default set of effects. They tended to be minimal and more attractive than distracting. I like the somewhat toned down colours present in window decorations and in the default terminal colours. The desktop does a nice job of offering a visually appealing environment while not drawing this user's attention away from work.
Conclusions
While I was using Solus's live disc I ran into a few minor inconveniences, such as the disc's boot menu not being able to initiate booting from my hard drive and the installer's requirement that I find and launch GParted to partition my disk. Otherwise getting the distribution up and running was a fairly easy experience. Once Solus was installed it performed very well for me. Budgie was responsive, even when run in VirtualBox, the distribution was stable during my trial and memory usage was comfortably in the mid-range. All my hardware was detected and the distribution ran well in both test environments.
I very much liked Budgie's settings panel with window manager tweaks. I found it easy to customize my desktop to have the layout and style I wanted. I also think the developers have done a great job with the distribution's Software Centre. It's well organized, responsive and doesn't hide non-desktop applications.
One of my only complaints while using Solus was that Budgie tends to duplicate some things. I mentioned the two settings panels earlier. I also found some software categories in the application menu felt redundant. The menu includes the categories "Other" and "Sundry", which mean approximately the same thing and both of which are practically empty. There are also "Accessories" and "Utilities" categories, leading me to second-guess myself as to whether text editors and screen shot apps are accessories or utilities. The only other issue I ran into was I found desktop elements tended to be grouped closely together, such as menu entries or icons in the system tray. I clicked on the wrong icons semi-frequently this week due to small shifts in the mouse.
Honestly though, those issues were pretty minor. I took some time to think about potential "cons" to balance out Solus's many "pros" and couldn't come up with anything more severe than small icons. Solus provided an unusually polished, attractive and easy to use experience. Even with the massive influx of new packages near the start of my trial, the distribution didn't cause me any headaches. I definitely recommend giving Solus a try. It has been one of the more user friendly distributions I have used lately and I like how the desktop lets me focus on getting work done with minimal customization and distractions.
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Hardware used in this review
My physical test equipment for this review was a desktop HP Pavilon p6 Series with the following specifications:
- Processor: Dual-core 2.8GHz AMD A4-3420 APU
- Storage: 500GB Hitachi hard drive
- Memory: 6GB of RAM
- Networking: Realtek RTL8111 wired network card
- Display: AMD Radeon HD 6410D video card
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Visitor supplied rating
Solus has a visitor supplied average rating of: 7.6/10 from 238 review(s).
Have you used Solus? You can leave your own review of the project on our ratings page.
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| Miscellaneous News (by Jesse Smith) |
NetBSD reports on security work, elementary OS exploring AppCentre changes, Ubuntu 18.04 to include Snap packages, run-time kernel protection for Linux
The NetBSD team has been working to improve the security of their highly portable operating system. Several of the enhancements coming to NetBSD's stable branch involve the removal of legacy code and patches to work around the Meltdown and Spectre CPU bugs: "Ilja Van Sprundel presented at Defcon 25 (July 2017) and 34c3 (December 2017) the results of his audit of the BSD kernels. The issues affecting NetBSD were fixed overnight in the NetBSD-current branch, and were propagated to the stable branches within a month. Kernels from NetBSD-6 and NetBSD-7 built after August 23rd 2017 had all the necessary fixes. Some reports published recently suggest that the stable branches remained vulnerable for months, and that NetBSD was lagging behind; that is simply not true. In Ilja Van Sprundel's report, NetBSD was criticized for having too much legacy and buggy code. Several proactive measures were taken, within a month again, to clean up the system." Further details can be found in a blog post on the NetBSD website.
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In the past we have talked about elementary OS's software marketplace, called AppCentre. AppCentre offers customers a chance to purchase software using a pay-what-you-want model. The elementary OS team has some thoughts on the experiment so far and plans for the future: "One of the primary goals of developing AppCentre Dashboard was to build a sustainable app ecosystem. I don't think it's a surprise to anyone that although the AppCentre ecosystem is growing, nobody can make a living on it yet. That's what we mean when we say 'sustainable'. Writing apps is a real, hard, full-time job. If we want to see more high-quality, open source apps then we need to prioritize getting third-party app developers paid. Let's talk numbers a second. We released AppCentre in May 2017 and since then we've processed about $1,700 worth of payments from a little over 750 charges. On the one hand this is good because it means the average paid price for an app in AppCentre is about $2.30. We have to remember that this is a non-zero number in an ecosystem where previously the standard was zero." Further details and upcoming changes to AppCentre can be found in this post by Daniel Foré.
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Portable Snap packages have been available for many Linux users for some time, but most distributions have avoided installing Snaps by default. It looks as though Ubuntu 18.04 will be one of the first distributions (after Ubuntu MATE) to experiment with including Snaps as default packages. Steve Langasek wrote a mailing list post with more details: "We are confident that Snaps today represent a solid delivery vehicle for third-party software on top of Ubuntu, and that Snaps stand as a first-class alternative to Deb packages for Ubuntu users where appropriate. Snaps are already presented alongside Debs in the software catalog on the Ubuntu Desktop, and with the 17.10 release, the Ubuntu MATE team took the first foray into including Snaps by default in an Ubuntu flavor image. Now in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, we are looking at broadening the inclusion of Snaps in Ubuntu images by default. This raises important questions about what the policies should be for software installed by default as a Snap, since the review processes around the Ubuntu archive for Universe and Main don't directly translate to the Snap Store."
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After several years in development, a new security module for the Linux kernel has made its debut. The Linux Kernel Runtime Guard (LKRG) "is a loadable kernel module that performs runtime integrity checking of the Linux kernel and detection of security vulnerability exploits against the kernel." The module can be loaded into a running kernel where it attempts to detect (and then either report or block) unauthorized access. This should make it possible to prevent some exploits against the Linux kernel or at least make administrators aware of attacks against the kernel. The software is still in its early stages, but is available for testing. Further information and download links can be found on the project's website and in the initial release announcement.
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These and other news stories can be found on our Headlines page.
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| Opinion (by Jesse Smith) |
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Packages not flowing upstream into Debian
About five years ago I spent a month using the Unity 7 desktop. Overall, it was a good experience and, shortly after that, I decided to adopt Unity as my main desktop environment for a time. Using Unity went well while I was running Ubuntu, but when I switched to another Debian-based distribution, Unity was no longer available. Canonical had developed and packaged Unity for their Ubuntu distribution only and the packages had never made their way back upstream to Debian.
About a year ago I was experimenting with installing UBports on an Android phone. At the time I had to run a tool called ubuntu-device-flash to get my new operating system onto the phone. But while this tool is available for Ubuntu users, it was not available to people like me running its cousin, Linux Mint Debian Edition, even though both projects are derived from Debian.
A little over a year ago I was experimenting with the Lumina desktop. While running SparkyLinux, it was easy to install Lumina as it was packaged and in the official repositories. However, some months later I had switched to running MX Linux as my workstation distribution and Lumina were no longer available. Both SparkyLinux and MX Linux are based on Debian and closely related, but MX doesn't have Sparky's Lumina package. And, for that matter, Sparky does not have access to MX's custom configuration tools. This is a result of MX-Tools and Lumina packages not making their way back upstream to Debian.
Around the start of 2018 I was experimenting with two Debian-based distributions, MX Linux and deepin. I really liked deepin's desktop environment and I enjoyed using MX's configuration tools. Once again, despite the two projects both being direct descendants of Debian, MX did not have deepin's desktop packages and deepin did not have access to MX's administration tools.
At this point the pattern is probably pretty clear. It is quite common for Debian-based distributions to feature their own tools and packages which do not exist in the official Debian repositories. It seems there is either a barrier or a lack of motivation for developers working on Debian-based projects to get their software included in Debian itself. Which is a shame, because Debian has a lot of children, over 100 active distributions at the time of writing. While all these children use the same package formats, libraries and package managers, they are often prevented from using software developed by their sibling projects.
I suspect part of the problem is developers are already busy enough working on their own software and do not feel they have time to upload their packages to Debian. Perhaps there is not much motivation either. Developers make software for their distribution's users and probably do not see much benefit in spreading their work to other Debian-based projects. There may even be a sense of friendly competition between sibling projects which reduces the motivation to share packages.
Another hurdle to sharing packages though is, I think, the process involved in getting software into Debian's official repositories. The page on Debian's wiki which gives a brief summary on how to become a Debian contributor is about 100 lines long. That's before we get into creating security keys, reading the developer documentation or going through the software guidelines, social contract and finding a mentor. What I'm saying is it is a bit of a long process to become a Debian Developer and I think it discourages software developers from contributing their work back into the larger Debian family.
I contrast the situation with Debian's children and their variety in packages with FreeBSD's family. FreeBSD has around a dozen actively maintained children. While it is common for different branches of the Debian family tree to feature unique software packages, members of the FreeBSD family usually do not have packages unique to one project. The teams working on FreeBSD-based projects certainly make their own software. For instance, TrueOS created Lumina and GhostBSD developed their own graphical network manager. The swap extender daemon grew out of TrueOS. The Octopkg package manager was started for a downstream project, as was the SysAdm remote administration daemon. Each of these new packages, while developed by separate projects, made their ways back into the FreeBSD software repository. Which means all FreeBSD-based projects can make use of these pieces of software.
Presumably people working on FreeBSD-based projects have the same incentives to focus on their own work, rather than put effort into helping other projects. And, presumably people working on these projects do not necessarily want to spend a lot of time helping their competition (ie other FreeBSD-based operating systems). Still, there seems to be more sharing, more cross-pollination, in the FreeBSD ecosystem than there is in the Debian family. I suspect a big reason for the difference is in the steps required to get software into FreeBSD's repository.
People looking to get their work included into FreeBSD often just need to perform two steps: sign up for a free account to access FreeBSD's issue tracker, and submit an issue asking to have a new package added, with the package's recipe (called a port) attached. Assuming the new port builds properly, that's often all the work involved. A FreeBSD developer may ask for the port to be tweaked a little for style and correctness, but otherwise the author's work is done. There is no security key generation, no social contract to read, no required mentorship, the developer simply sends in their code, it's looked over and (usually) accepted. This puts adding software to FreeBSD approximately on par with getting new packages accepted into Arch Linux's Arch User Repository.
I have spent approximately the same amount of time in the Debian and FreeBSD communities and I think, while both are world-class, stable operating systems, the FreeBSD team has found a better way of encouraging derivative projects to submit their work back to the parent operating system. I think both Debian, and distributions based on Debian, would benefit a lot if it were easier to get software from downstream distributions back upstream to Debian. Even if only into a semi-official, community maintained repository similar to the Arch User Repository. There is a lot of good work being done by developers working on Debian-based projects and it should be easier for users to get packages from other Debian-based distributions so they don't need to either switch distributions or compile their own packages to get desired features.
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| Released Last Week |
Peppermint OS 8-20180203
Peppermint OS is a lightweight distribution based on Lubuntu. The Peppermint team has released a new minor update to the project's version 8 release. The new installation media features bug fixes and an updated version of the Linux kernel. "This is a security refresh of the Peppermint 8 ISO images to include all updates to date (as of 3rd Feb 2018), including the Meltdown and Spectre mitigations such as the new HWE kernel 4.13.0-32 and the latest Chromium web browser version 64. The new ISO also contains bug fixes for flash content in ICE SSB's, and Chromium not remembering user selected xdg-open preferences for magnet and mailto links. There is no need for Peppermint 8 or Peppermint 8 (first) Respin users to reinstall this version, the mitigations and bug fixes have already been pushed as automatic updates to the earlier Peppermint 8 versions." A list of changes and fixes can be found in the project's release announcement and in the release notes.
Kali Linux 2018.1
Kali Linux is a Debian-based distribution that includes a collection of security and forensics tools. The Kali developers have released a new version, Kali Linux 2018.1, which features an updated kernel and two new security features: "Kali Linux 2018.1 has a shiny new 4.14.12 kernel. New kernels always have a lot of new features and the 4.14 kernel is no exception, although two new features really stand out. AMD Secure Memory Encryption Support - Secure Memory Encryption is a feature that will be in newer AMD processors that enables automatic encryption and decryption of DRAM. The addition of this features means that systems will no longer (in theory) be vulnerable to cold-boot attacks because, even with physical access, the memory will be not be readable. Increased Memory Limits - Current (and older) 64-bit processors have a limit of 64 TB of physical address space and 256 TB of virtual address space (VAS), which was sufficient for more than a decade but with some server hardware shipping with 64 TB of memory, the limits have been reached. Fortunately, upcoming processors will enable 5-level paging, support for which is included in the 4.14 kernel." More details can be found in the project's release announcement.
Quirky 8.4
Barry Kauler has announced the release of a new version of the Quirky distribution. Quirky is a lightweight distribution and a sister project to Puppy Linux. It is assembled using a custom tool called Woof. The new version, Quirky 8.4, is built using the latest available packages from the Ubuntu 16.04 repositories: "Version 8.4 has many architectural improvements and package upgrades, including new packages Sakura, Refind, EasyApps, PupControl, VTE and EasyShare. EasyShare is a simple 'one stop shop' for network file sharing and printing, using Samba and SSHFS. Upgraded applications include Pclock (0.8.2) and SeaMonkey (2.49.1). The Linux kernel is now version 4.14.17. Xerus 8.4 has retained the theme of 8.2; however, the desktop has a simplified icon layout, with new 'apps' and 'share' - 'share' launches EasyShare and 'apps' launches radky's EasyApps. There is an introduction to EasyShare here. Note that EasyShare works in EasyOS 0.7.1 and Quirky 8.4, but is designed to be able to be ported to other Puppy distributions." Further information on Quirky 8.4 can be found in the project's release announcement and in the release notes.
Robolinux 9.1
Robolinux is a desktop operating system and one of the project's more interesting features is the availability of a pre-configured virtual machine support pack with Windows XP, 7 or 10. The project's latest release, Robolinux 9.1, is based on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and includes support for UEFI, Secure Boot and disk encryption. "Robolinux has really listened carefully to its user base and is extremely excited to release its first Robolinux 64-bit 9 series version MATE 3D which is based upon the 4.13 Linux kernel. This first of many Robolinux 9 series versions with a focus on privacy was built with a flawless crash free balance of the best current but highly stable Debian and Ubuntu source code, delivering exactly what our Users wanted in a Linux OS that runs Windows XP, 7 and 10 natively inside it, with blazing fast speeds which is a hallmark of all Robolinux operating systems built since 2011." More information can be found in the distribution's release announcement.
Robolinux 9.1 -- Running the MATE desktop
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Endless OS 3.3.10
Endless OS is a Linux-based operating system which provides a simplified and streamlined user experience using a customized desktop environment forked from GNOME 3. The project has released a new version, Endless OS 3.3.10, which features automatic updates, improved launch speed for applications and some Flatpak programs will be downloaded from the Flathub community repository rather than Endless's custom repository. "Automatic App Updates: Apps will now automatically update in the background when the system is connected to an unmetered network connection. This can be turned off in the App Center by pressing the icon in the top left hand corner of the window and unticking 'Automatic updates'. Migrating older apps to Flathub: With this release, some of the apps in the App Center that were previously provided by Endless will now be provided by the Flathub community. Users will see upgrades and better quality since the Flathub community will be able to provide more support for the apps than Endless alone. Improved app launch speed: Many apps were slow the very first time they were started after installation, as they detected the fonts available on the system. This has now been considerably sped up." Further information can be found in the project's release announcement. Endless OS can be downloaded in a variety of languages using torrents from the project's Download page.
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Development, unannounced and minor bug-fix releases
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| Torrent Corner |
Weekly Torrents
The table below provides a list of torrents DistroWatch is currently seeding. If you do not have a bittorrent client capable of handling the linked files, we suggest installing either the Transmission or KTorrent bittorrent clients.
Archives of our previously seeded torrents may be found in our Torrent Archive. We also maintain a Torrents RSS feed for people who wish to have open source torrents delivered to them. To share your own open source torrents of Linux and BSD projects, please visit our Upload Torrents page.
Torrent Corner statistics:
- Total torrents seeded: 736
- Total data uploaded: 17.8TB
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| Upcoming Releases and Announcements |
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Summary of expected upcoming releases
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| Opinion Poll |
Mining cryptocurrency vs advertisements
Most websites which offer free content, including this one, are sustained primarily through advertising. Recently some sites have been experimenting with alternatives, such as mining cryptocurrency in the web browsers of visitors to the site. How this works is, while a visitor is viewing the website, their web browser works to mine cryptocurrency for the website. The owners of the website can then trade the cryptocurrency for cash or services such as web hosting.
Some people like having their browser generate revenue for the websites they visit as it is an easy way to help support content creators. Using cryptocurrency mining also allows websites to show fewer advertisements which can clutter the page. The downside to in-browser cryptocurrency mining is that it requires a lot of CPU cycles and can slow down the visitor's computer or cause the computer's fan to run.
This week we would like to find out what our visitors think of these two options for supporting DistroWatch. Do you think mining cryptocurrency is better or worse than showing advertisements? If we experiment with providing both options on select pages with the ability to switch between them, would you prefer ads or mining be the default? Please leave us your thoughts in the comments.
You can see the results of our previous poll on running commercial Linux distributions in last week's edition. All previous poll results can be found in our poll archives.
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Mining cryptocurrency vs advertisements
| I prefer ads with to the option to switch to mining: | 698 (54%) |
| I prefer mining with the option to switch to ads: | 154 (12%) |
| I prefer another option like Patreon: | 445 (34%) |
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| DistroWatch.com News |
New projects added to database
UBports
UBports is a community-developed fork of Canonical's Ubuntu Touch operating system for mobile devices. UBports works on getting the mobile operating system working on new devices, provides software updates and ports new versions of Ubuntu to mobile devices.
UBports 15.04 -- The UBports app scope
(full image size: 463kB, resolution: 1080x1920 pixels)
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Distributions added to waiting list
- Scion Linux. Scion Linux is a lightweight distribution based on Ubuntu and featuring the Openbox window manager.
- Pixel OS. Pixel OS is a Linux distribution based on Lubuntu for 64-bit computers.
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DistroWatch database summary
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This concludes this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly. The next instalment will be published on Monday, 19 February 2018. Past articles and reviews can be found through our Article Search page. To contact the authors please send e-mail to:
- Jesse Smith (feedback, questions and suggestions: distribution reviews/submissions, questions and answers, tips and tricks)
- Ladislav Bodnar (feedback, questions, donations, comments)
- Bruce Patterson (podcast)
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| Archives |
| • Issue 1156 (2026-01-19): Chimera Linux's new installer, using the DistroWatch Torrent Corner, new package tools for Arch, Haiku improves EFI support, Redcore streamlines branches, Synex introduces install-time ZFS options |
| • Issue 1155 (2026-01-12): MenuetOS, CDE on Sparky, iDeal OS 2025.12.07, recommended flavour of BSD, Debian seeks new Data Protection Team, Ubuntu 25.04 nears its end of life, Google limits Android source code releases, Fedora plans to replace SDDM, Budgie migrates to Wayland |
| • Issue 1154 (2026-01-05): postmarketOS 25.06/25.12, switching to Linux and educational resources, FreeBSD improving laptop support, Unix v4 available for download, new X11 server in development, CachyOS team plans server edtion |
| • Issue 1153 (2025-12-22): Best projects of 2025, is software ever truly finished?, Firefox to adopt AI components, Asahi works on improving the install experience, Mageia presents plans for version 10 |
| • Issue 1152 (2025-12-15): OpenBSD 7.8, filtering websites, Jolla working on a Linux phone, Germany saves money with Linux, Ubuntu to package AMD tools, Fedora demonstrates AI troubleshooting, Haiku packages Go language |
| • Issue 1151 (2025-12-08): FreeBSD 15.0, fun command line tricks, Canonical presents plans for Ubutnu 26.04, SparkyLinux updates CDE packages, Redox OS gets modesetting driver |
| • Issue 1150 (2025-12-01): Gnoppix 25_10, exploring if distributions matter, openSUSE updates tumbleweed's boot loader, Fedora plans better handling of broken packages, Plasma to become Wayland-only, FreeBSD publishes status report |
| • Issue 1149 (2025-11-24): MX Linux 25, why are video drivers special, systemd experiments with musl, Debian Libre Live publishes new media, Xubuntu reviews website hack |
| • Issue 1148 (2025-11-17): Zorin OS 18, deleting a file with an unusual name, NetBSD experiments with sandboxing, postmarketOS unifies its documentation, OpenBSD refines upgrades, Canonical offers 15 years of support for Ubuntu |
| • Issue 1147 (2025-11-10): Fedora 43, the size and stability of the Linux kernel, Debian introducing Rust to APT, Redox ports web engine, Kubuntu website off-line, Mint creates new troubleshooting tools, FreeBSD improves reproducible builds, Flatpak development resumes |
| • Issue 1146 (2025-11-03): StartOS 0.4.0, testing piped commands, Ubuntu Unity seeks help, Canonical offers Ubuntu credentials, Red Hat partners with NVIDIA, SUSE to bundle AI agent with SLE 16 |
| • Issue 1145 (2025-10-27): Linux Mint 7 "LMDE", advice for new Linux users, AlmaLinux to offer Btrfs, KDE launches Plasma 6.5, Fedora accepts contributions written by AI, Ubuntu 25.10 fails to install automatic updates |
| • Issue 1144 (2025-10-20): Kubuntu 25.10, creating and restoring encrypted backups, Fedora team debates AI, FSF plans free software for phones, ReactOS addresses newer drivers, Xubuntu reacts to website attack |
| • Issue 1143 (2025-10-13): openSUSE 16.0 Leap, safest source for new applications, Redox introduces performance improvements, TrueNAS Connect available for testing, Flatpaks do not work on Ubuntu 25.10, Kamarada plans to switch its base, Solus enters new epoch, Frugalware discontinued |
| • Issue 1142 (2025-10-06): Linux Kamarada 15.6, managing ZIP files with SQLite, F-Droid warns of impact of Android lockdown, Alpine moves ahead with merged /usr, Cinnamon gets a redesigned application menu |
| • Issue 1141 (2025-09-29): KDE Linux and GNOME OS, finding mobile flavours of Linux, Murena to offer phones with kill switches, Redox OS running on a smartphone, Artix drops GNOME |
| • Issue 1140 (2025-09-22): NetBSD 10.1, avoiding AI services, AlmaLinux enables CRB repository, Haiku improves disk access performance, Mageia addresses service outage, GNOME 49 released, Linux introduces multikernel support |
| • Issue 1139 (2025-09-15): EasyOS 7.0, Linux and central authority, FreeBSD running Plasma 6 on Wayland, GNOME restores X11 support temporarily, openSUSE dropping BCacheFS in new kernels |
| • Issue 1138 (2025-09-08): Shebang 25.8, LibreELEC 12.2.0, Debian GNU/Hurd 2025, the importance of software updates, AerynOS introduces package sets, postmarketOS encourages patching upstream, openSUSE extends Leap support, Debian refreshes Trixie media |
| • Issue 1137 (2025-09-01): Tribblix 0m37, malware scanners flagging Linux ISO files, KDE introduces first-run setup wizard, CalyxOS plans update prior to infrastructure overhaul, FreeBSD publishes status report |
| • Issue 1136 (2025-08-25): CalyxOS 6.8.20, distros for running containers, Arch Linux website under attack,illumos Cafe launched, CachyOS creates web dashboard for repositories |
| • Issue 1135 (2025-08-18): Debian 13, Proton, WINE, Wayland, and Wayback, Debian GNU/Hurd 2025, KDE gets advanced Liquid Glass, Haiku improves authentication tools |
| • Issue 1134 (2025-08-11): Rhino Linux 2025.3, thoughts on malware in the AUR, Fedora brings hammered websites back on-line, NetBSD reveals features for version 11, Ubuntu swaps some command line tools for 25.10, AlmaLinux improves NVIDIA support |
| • Issue 1133 (2025-08-04): Expirion Linux 6.0, running Plasma on Linux Mint, finding distros which support X11, Debian addresses 22 year old bug, FreeBSD discusses potential issues with pkgbase, CDE ported to OpenBSD, Btrfs corruption bug hitting Fedora users, more malware found in Arch User Repository |
| • Issue 1132 (2025-07-28): deepin 25, wars in the open source community, proposal to have Fedora enable Flathub repository, FreeBSD plans desktop install option, Wayback gets its first release |
| • Issue 1131 (2025-07-21): HeliumOS 10.0, settling on one distro, Mint plans new releases, Arch discovers malware in AUR, Plasma Bigscreen returns, Clear Linux discontinued |
| • Issue 1130 (2025-07-14): openSUSE MicroOS and RefreshOS, sharing aliases between computers, Bazzite makes Bazaar its default Flatpak store, Alpine plans Wayback release, Wayland and X11 benchmarked, Red Hat offers additional developer licenses, openSUSE seeks feedback from ARM users, Ubuntu 24.10 reaches the end of its life |
| • Issue 1129 (2025-07-07): GLF OS Omnislash, the worst Linux distro, Alpine introduces Wayback, Fedora drops plans to stop i686 support, AlmaLinux builds EPEL repository for older CPUs, Ubuntu dropping existing RISC-V device support, Rhino partners with UBports, PCLinuxOS recovering from website outage |
| • Issue 1128 (2025-06-30): AxOS 25.06, AlmaLinux OS 10.0, transferring Flaptak bundles to off-line computers, Ubuntu to boost Intel graphics performance, Fedora considers dropping i686 packages, SDesk switches from SELinux to AppArmor |
| • Issue 1127 (2025-06-23): LastOSLinux 2025-05-25, most unique Linux distro, Haiku stabilises, KDE publishes Plasma 6.4, Arch splits Plasma packages, Slackware infrastructure migrating |
| • Issue 1126 (2025-06-16): SDesk 2025.05.06, renewed interest in Ubuntu Touch, a BASIC device running NetBSD, Ubuntu dropping X11 GNOME session, GNOME increases dependency on systemd, Google holding back Pixel source code, Nitrux changing its desktop, EFF turns 35 |
| • Issue 1125 (2025-06-09): RHEL 10, distributions likely to survive a decade, Murena partners with more hardware makers, GNOME tests its own distro on real hardware, Redox ports GTK and X11, Mint provides fingerprint authentication |
| • Issue 1124 (2025-06-02): Picking up a Pico, tips for protecting privacy, Rhino tests Plasma desktop, Arch installer supports snapshots, new features from UBports, Ubuntu tests monthly snapshots |
| • Issue 1123 (2025-05-26): CRUX 3.8, preventing a laptop from sleeping, FreeBSD improves laptop support, Fedora confirms GNOME X11 session being dropped, HardenedBSD introduces Rust in userland build, KDE developing a virtual machine manager |
| • Issue 1122 (2025-05-19): GoboLinux 017.01, RHEL 10.0 and Debian 12 updates, openSUSE retires YaST, running X11 apps on Wayland |
| • Issue 1121 (2025-05-12): Bluefin 41, custom file manager actions, openSUSE joins End of 10 while dropping Deepin desktop, Fedora offers tips for building atomic distros, Ubuntu considers replacing sudo with sudo-rs |
| • Issue 1120 (2025-05-05): CachyOS 250330, what it means when a distro breaks, Kali updates repository key, Trinity receives an update, UBports tests directory encryption, Gentoo faces losing key infrastructure |
| • Issue 1119 (2025-04-28): Ubuntu MATE 25.04, what is missing from Linux, CachyOS ships OCCT, Debian enters soft freeze, Fedora discusses removing X11 session from GNOME, Murena plans business services, NetBSD on a Wii |
| • Issue 1118 (2025-04-21): Fedora 42, strange characters in Vim, Nitrux introduces new package tools, Fedora extends reproducibility efforts, PINE64 updates multiple devices running Debian |
| • Issue 1117 (2025-04-14): Shebang 25.0, EndeavourOS 2025.03.19, running applications from other distros on the desktop, Debian gets APT upgrade, Mint introduces OEM options for LMDE, postmarketOS packages GNOME 48 and COSMIC, Redox testing USB support |
| • Issue 1116 (2025-04-07): The Sense HAT, Android and mobile operating systems, FreeBSD improves on laptops, openSUSE publishes many new updates, Fedora appoints new Project Leader, UBports testing VoLTE |
| • Issue 1115 (2025-03-31): GrapheneOS 2025, the rise of portable package formats, MidnightBSD and openSUSE experiment with new package management features, Plank dock reborn, key infrastructure projects lose funding, postmarketOS to focus on reliability |
| • Issue 1114 (2025-03-24): Bazzite 41, checking which processes are writing to disk, Rocky unveils new Hardened branch, GNOME 48 released, generating images for the Raspberry Pi |
| • Issue 1113 (2025-03-17): MocaccinoOS 1.8.1, how to contribute to open source, Murena extends on-line installer, Garuda tests COSMIC edition, Ubuntu to replace coreutils with Rust alternatives, Chimera Linux drops RISC-V builds |
| • Issue 1112 (2025-03-10): Solus 4.7, distros which work with Secure Boot, UBports publishes bug fix, postmarketOS considers a new name, Debian running on Android |
| • Issue 1111 (2025-03-03): Orbitiny 0.01, the effect of Ubuntu Core Desktop, Gentoo offers disk images, elementary OS invites feature ideas, FreeBSD starts PinePhone Pro port, Mint warns of upcoming Firefox issue |
| • Issue 1110 (2025-02-24): iodeOS 6.0, learning to program, Arch retiring old repositories, openSUSE makes progress on reproducible builds, Fedora is getting more serious about open hardware, Tails changes its install instructions to offer better privacy, Murena's de-Googled tablet goes on sale |
| • Issue 1109 (2025-02-17): Rhino Linux 2025.1, MX Linux 23.5 with Xfce 4.20, replacing X.Org tools with Wayland tools, GhostBSD moving its base to FreeBSD -RELEASE, Redox stabilizes its ABI, UBports testing 24.04, Asahi changing its leadership, OBS in dispute with Fedora |
| • Issue 1108 (2025-02-10): Serpent OS 0.24.6, Aurora, sharing swap between distros, Peppermint tries Void base, GTK removinglegacy technologies, Red Hat plans more AI tools for Fedora, TrueNAS merges its editions |
| • Issue 1107 (2025-02-03): siduction 2024.1.0, timing tasks, Lomiri ported to postmarketOS, Alpine joins Open Collective, a new desktop for Linux called Orbitiny |
| • Issue 1106 (2025-01-27): Adelie Linux 1.0 Beta 6, Pop!_OS 24.04 Alpha 5, detecting whether a process is inside a virtual machine, drawing graphics to NetBSD terminal, Nix ported to FreeBSD, GhostBSD hosting desktop conference |
| • Issue 1105 (2025-01-20): CentOS 10 Stream, old Flatpak bundles in software centres, Haiku ports Iceweasel, Oracle shows off debugging tools, rsync vulnerability patched |
| • Full list of all issues |
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View our range including the highly anticipated StarFighter. Available with coreboot open-source firmware and a choice of Ubuntu, elementary, Manjaro and more. Visit Star Labs for information, to buy and get support.
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Niigata Linux
Niigata Linux was a Fedora-based Japanese Linux distribution designed as a web application environment for web development with Apache and PostgreSQL.
Status: Discontinued
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Learn more about our full service package and all benefits from buying at TUXEDO.
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| Star Labs |
Star Labs - Laptops built for Linux.
View our range including the highly anticipated StarFighter. Available with coreboot open-source firmware and a choice of Ubuntu, elementary, Manjaro and more. Visit Star Labs for information, to buy and get support.
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